Category: GS One

BATTLE OF KARNAL

The Battle of Karnal in February 1739 resulted in the decisive defeat of Mughal Emperor Muhammad Shah Rangila by Persian ruler Nadir Shah, marking a pivotal turning point in Indian history. It not only showcased the military prowess of Nadir

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FORT WILLIAM RENAMED AS VIJAY DURG

Key Updates: Fort William, the Indian Army’s Eastern Command HQ in Kolkata, has been renamed Vijay Durg to remove colonial imprints. The new name is inspired by Maharashtra’s oldest Sindhudurg fort, a former Maratha naval base under Chhatrapati Shivaji. Other

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CHHATRAPATI SHIVAJI MAHARAJ (1630–1680)

Early Life: Born on February 19, 1630, in Shivneri Fort, Maharashtra. Son of Shahaji Bhosale and Jijabai, who instilled strong values of leadership and devotion. Inspired by ancient Hindu epics and regional warrior traditions. He was a visionary leader from

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SWAMI RAMAKRISHNA PARAMHANSA (1836–1886)

Early Life: Born as Gadadhar Chattopadhyay in Kamarpukur, Bengal (1836). Displayed deep spiritual inclination from a young age. Became a priest at the Dakshineswar Kali Temple in Kolkata. Philosophy & Teachings: Advocated religious harmony, experiencing multiple religious paths (Hinduism, Islam,

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NEOLITHIC WOODEN CIRCLE IN DENMARK

Key Findings: A 4,000-year-old Neolithic wooden circle was discovered in Denmark, resembling England’s Stonehenge (3100–1600 BCE). The structure consists of 45 wooden piles arranged in a 30-meter diameter, likely used for rituals or sun worship. A nearby Bronze Age (1700–1500

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AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT

The Union Budget 2025-26 emphasized ‘Agriculture as the first engine’ for India’s development. The Economic Survey 2024-25 reported robust 5% annual growth in the agriculture sector (2016-17 to 2022-23). Concerns were raised over the National Mission on High-Yielding Seeds, citing

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INLAND WATERWAYS TRANSPORT

Prime Minister Narendra Modi lauded the inauguration of the Inland Waterways Transport (IWT) Terminal at Jogighopa in Assam.  Highlights India’s 14,500 km of navigable waterways as a major potential for freight transport. Jogighopa IWT Terminal Location: Assam, on the Brahmaputra

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SWAMI DAYANAND SARASWATI AND ARYA SAMAJ

The Prime Minister paid tributes to Swami Dayanand Saraswati (1824-1883) on his 201st birth anniversary on 12th February 2025. He was a great thinker, ardent nationalist, and the founder of Arya Samaj. Maharishi Dayanand Saraswati A prominent social reformer, philosopher,

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