Every year on August 20, India observes Akshay Urja Day, a significant event dedicated to highlighting the importance of renewable energy sources and showcasing the progress the country has made in this crucial sector. This observance not only marks the birth anniversary of former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, a pioneer in promoting sustainable development and renewable energy, but also serves as a platform to underscore India's commitment to transitioning towards a more sustainable energy future.
Growth in Renewable Energy Capacity:
Since its inception in 2004 by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Akshay Urja Day has symbolized India’s resolve to enhance its renewable energy landscape. Over the past decade, India has made remarkable strides in this direction.
The country’s installed renewable energy capacity surged by 165%, from 76.38 gigawatts (GW) in 2014 to an impressive 203.1 GW in 2024.
Significance of Akshay Urja Day
The term "Akshay" is derived from Sanskrit, meaning "eternal," "indestructible," or "imperishable."
Akshay Urja translates to "eternal energy," epitomizing the boundless and sustainable nature of renewable energy sources.
This day serves to reaffirm the infinite potential of renewable energy, which stands in stark contrast to the finite and environmentally damaging fossil fuels.
Objectives of Akshay Urja Day
Underlining the importance of renewable energy resources in India’s energy planning. It aims to integrate renewable energy sources into the national energy mix, reducing dependency on fossil fuels and enhancing energy security.
Raising awareness about renewable energy’s benefits in reducing dependency on traditional fossil fuels. By emphasizing the environmental and economic advantages, it seeks to foster a greater understanding of how renewable energy can mitigate climate change and contribute to a sustainable future.
Transitioning to renewable energy to combat climate change. This shift is crucial for combating climate change, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and promoting sustainable economic growth.
India’s Renewable Energy Goals
India’s ambitious goal is to achieve 500 GW of installed electricity capacity from non-fossil fuel sources by 2030. This target reflects the country's commitment to expanding its renewable energy infrastructure and contributing to global climate goals.
Progress of India in Akshay Urja
Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) Submission:
On October 2, 2015, India submitted its first NDC to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
India is a signatory to the UNFCCC and its Paris Agreement, which mandates a cycle of increasingly ambitious climate action plans.
Initial NDC Goals (2015):
Reduce emissions intensity of GDP by 33-35% by 2030 from 2005 levels.
Achieve about 40% of total installed electric power capacity from non-fossil fuel energy resources by 2030.
Updated Targets (August 2022):
Increase emissions intensity reduction goal to 45% by 2030 from 2005 levels.
Raise the target for non-fossil fuel-based energy capacity to 50% by 2030.
Ambitious Renewable Energy Targets:
Achieve 500 GW of renewable energy capacity by 2030, as announced at the COP26 summit in Glasgow.
Potentially aim for 1 TW of renewable energy capacity by 2035.
Set a target for net-zero carbon emissions by 2070.
Current Renewable Energy Capacity (as of May 2024):
Installed renewable energy capacity stands at 191 GW, accounting for 38.2% of the target.
Solar Power: ~85 GW
Wind Power: ~46 GW
Large Hydropower: ~45 GW
Biomass: ~10 GW
Small Hydropower: ~4.5 GW
Waste-to-Energy: 0.5 GW
Key Schemes to Achieve Renewable Energy Targets:
Pradhan Mantri Kisan Urja Suraksha Evam Utthaan Mahabhiyan (PM-KUSUM): Promotes small grid-connected solar power plants, standalone solar pumps, and solarisation of existing pumps in rural areas.
Production Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme for High Efficiency Solar PV Modules: Aims to boost domestic production of high-efficiency solar PV modules and reduce import dependency.
Grid Connected Rooftop Solar Program (Pradhan Mantri Suryodaya Yojana): Supports the installation of solar PV panels on rooftops, with surplus power exportable to the grid.
Development of Solar Parks and Ultra Mega Solar Power: Facilitates the rapid setup of solar projects by providing necessary infrastructure and clearances.
Green Energy Corridor Scheme: Synchronizes renewable energy generation with the national grid through infrastructure development.
National Green Hydrogen Mission (NGHM): Targets 5 million tonnes per annum production capacity of green hydrogen by 2030, supporting an additional 125 GW of renewable energy capacity.
National Bioenergy Programme (NBP): Promotes bioenergy through the Waste to Energy Programme, Biomass Programme, and Biogas Programme to enhance energy security.
Permitting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Renewable Energy: Allows up to 100% FDI under the automatic route, encouraging foreign investment in the sector.
The shift towards renewable energy not only addresses environmental concerns but also stimulates economic growth. By creating sustainable jobs and reducing long-term energy costs, renewable energy sources contribute to a robust and resilient economy. The growth of the renewable sector is poised to drive technological innovation, enhance energy security, and support sustainable development goals.
