FIVE-YEAR CLIMATE AGENDA FOR INDIA

The way the incoming Indian government approaches stepping up climate action will be critical to all ministries and sectors once it takes office. Over the next five years, the decisions will determine India's sustainable economic trajectory, bolster its standing as a voice for the Global South, and spearhead the movement for climate justice and finance. Important actions need to be taken by India to improve its economic growth and leadership in the climate.

Key Initiatives by the Indian Government in the Last Decade and Their Impacts

• International Solar Alliance (ISA): Encourages the global adoption of solar energy and fosters international collaboration in renewable energy.

• Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI): Aims to develop infrastructure that is resilient to climate-related disasters.

• Net-Zero by 2070: India’s pledge to achieve net-zero emissions by 2070 represents a major commitment to reducing greenhouse gases.

• Enhanced Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs): Sets bold targets for lowering emissions intensity and boosting renewable energy capacity.

• Indian Emissions Carbon Trading Scheme: Introduces a carbon trading system to promote emission reductions and drive sustainable economic growth.

• Significant Growth in Renewable Energy Capacity: Accelerated development in solar and wind energy projects, helping India meet its international non-fossil fuel energy goals.

• Green Development Pact under G-20 Presidency: Embeds green development principles into global economic practices, highlighting India’s role in advancing sustainable development.

Five-Year Climate Plan for India

Enhancing Global Leadership

Strengthen India’s global climate leadership by hosting significant international climate events, such as the UN Conference of Parties in 2028.

• Build consensus on halting new investments in oil and gas by 2030.

• Secure adaptation finance for developing countries.

• Engage in proactive diplomacy and forge strategic alliances.

• Advocate for equity in international climate discussions and push for increased climate finance.

Sectoral Emission Reduction Targets

Broaden emission reduction goals beyond the power sector to include other areas like private mobility.

• Set clear zero-carbon targets for various sectors.

• Promote economic growth and job creation in clean energy and sustainability.

• Utilize the upcoming NDC (Nationally Determined Contribution) for 2035 to establish comprehensive energy transition targets.

• Encourage industry action through credible and ambitious policy goals.

Sub-National Climate Action

Prioritize climate action and resilience at the sub-national level.

• Support state-level net-zero plans, collaborating with states. Example: collaboration withTamil Nadu and Bihar in net-zero transition plans are positive steps.

• Establish a Centre-State coordination group to incentivize state-level actions.

• Integrate scientific modelling into policymaking.

• Develop a unified measurement, reporting, and verification (MRV) system for effective state-level climate initiatives.

India has the potential to show that achieving ambitious targets, expanding sectoral objectives, and supporting state-level climate initiatives can coexist with economic growth and sustainability. The next five years will be crucial for demonstrating India's skill in sustainable development and climate diplomacy.