Mithun (Bos frontalis), a bovine species native to Northeast India, has been confirmed in Assam for the first time.
Mithun is the state animal of Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland, and is listed in the 20th Livestock Census (2019) as present in Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Mizoram, and Nagaland.
This discovery is a significant addition to the agricultural diversity of Assam and presents new opportunities for local farmers.
Importance of Mithun:
Known as ‘gayals,’ mithuns are valued for their meat, milk, and draught power.
They play a key role in the socio-economic and cultural life of many tribal communities in the region.
Recent Developments:
The discovery was made in Dima Hasao district, generating excitement among farmers and agricultural experts.
Mithuns are reared in three remote areas: Laisong, Langting, and Thaijuwari, with a total population exceeding 200.
Awareness and Technology Integration:
On August 21, 2023, an awareness and technology support program was held in Laisong village.
Mithun farmers received fencing materials (angle iron posts and barbed wire) and CGI sheets for constructing night shelters.
Additional support included gum boots and raincoats for farmers.
ICAR’s Role and Future Plans:
A roadmap presented for promoting mithun farming in Dima Hasao.
Emphasis was placed on including mithuns in the upcoming Livestock Census (September 2024).
Proposed initiatives include establishing a Mithun Eco Park and products counter to attract tourists and support sustainable agriculture.
Recognition:
Mithun was officially recognized as a meat animal by the FSSAI, effective September 1, 2023.
September 1 is celebrated as Mithun Day in the Northeast region.
Mithun Day 2024 will be celebrated in Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh, in collaboration with the Arunachal Pradesh Mithun and Yak Conservation Mission.
The discovery of mithun in Assam underscores the region’s rich biodiversity and potential for agricultural development. The state is positioned to become a leader in sustainable agriculture and rural development by leveraging this new resource.
