The Gender Budget Statement (GBS) 2025-26 introduces increased allocations and broader ministry participation, strengthening gender-responsive budgeting (GRB).
Key Highlights of GBS 2025-26
- Budget Increase: ₹4.49 lakh crore (8.86% of Union Budget 2025-26), 5% rise from FY 2024-25.
- Largest Gender Budget: Focuses on women’s welfare, education, and economic empowerment, with 49 ministries reporting allocations.
- Categorization: Gender Budget classified into three parts for systematic allocation.
Gender Budgeting in India:
- Definition: A tool to allocate resources based on gender-specific needs, ensuring gender-sensitive policies.
- Background:
- India ratified CEDAW in 1993, leading to its first GBS in 2005-06.
- Falls under Samarthya sub-scheme of Mission Shakti.
- Implementation Levels:
- Central: Ministry of Women & Child Development (MWCD).
- State: Women & Child Development, Social Welfare, Finance and Planning Departments.
- District: Hub for Empowerment of Women (HEW), with gender specialists.
- Importance:
- Addresses discrimination & exploitation, promoting SDG 5 (Gender Equality).
- Supports women-centric laws like the Criminal Law Amendment Act, 2013 & POSH Act, 2013.
- Need for Gender Budgeting:
- Moral & Economic Imperative: Helps break gender inequality
- Global Ranking: India ranks 129th out of 146 in Gender Gap Report 2024.
- Intergenerational Impact: Women invest in children’s education & health, boosting development.
Challenges in Gender Budgeting
- Ambiguities in Allocation:
- Unclear methodology leads to misclassification, e.g., MGNREGS underreported, PMAY-G women’s ownership issue.
- Fund Concentration:
- 90% of gender budget concentrated in a few ministries, reducing sectoral impact.
- Long-term Scheme Dominance:
- Schemes like Ayushman Bharat & Awas Yojana take funds away from immediate-impact programs like Mission Shakti & female education.
- Weak Monitoring & Evaluation:
- Lack of gender-segregated data, ineffective tracking, and poor impact assessments hinder evaluation.
- Political Will:
- GRB may not align with political priorities, leading to inadequate support.
Way Forward
- Integration Across Ministries:
- Ensure gender-sensitive budgeting in infrastructure, rural development, and other sectors.
- Encourage State GRB:
- Increase state-level GRB focus, prioritizing vulnerable women.
- Transparent Reporting:
- Publicly disclose allocation methodologies & rationales, regular gender audits.
- Capacity Building:
- Training officials on gender budgeting to improve policy design & implementation.
This framework ensures greater gender equity in fiscal planning and execution.